The Great Gastby Essays - The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald

The Great Gastby The Great Gastby F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby is wealthy in imagery, which is depicted on a few distinct levels in an assortment of ways. One of the most significant characteristics of imagery inside this novel, is the manner by which it is so completely coordinated into the plot furthermore, structure. A portion of the images are utilized generally as instruments for portrayal for example, Wolfsheim's sleeve buttons, Gatsby's colossal library of whole books, and Tom's rehashed signal of truly pushing others around. Different images, for example, Gatsby's vehicle, representing material riches in America and its destructfulness, have a capacity in the plot just as a progressively conceptual centrality. Be that as it may, the significant images for example, the valley of remains, the green light, and the east and west, are loaded up with implications that go past the plot, and genuinely catch Fitzgerald's subject of this novel; the defilement of the American dream. The corruptive impact of riches is appeared by the contention between the set up rich, spoke to by the East Eggers, what's more, the recently rich, spoke to by the West Eggers. West Egg is the home of the nouveaux riche, of Gatsby and those like him who have made colossal fortunes, however do not have the conventions related with acquired riches and are in this way foul. The East Eggers, spoke to by the Buchanans have the conventions and need profanity, however they have been defiled by the purposelessness and the vacant fates their cash has given. The ruin of the American guarantee is additionally represented by the inversion of east and west. At the point when the pilgrims went to the New World (America) to get away from abuse furthermore, the debasement of their nations, they went from east to west. Nonetheless, since the perfect has been debased, individuals go from west to east pulled in by the riches and a materialistic life, covering the valid vacancy of their objective of bliss. Daisy, Tom, Nick, Jordan, and Gatsby all were westerners, and by moving east, they moved from a universe of qualities to an ethical vacuum, spoke to by the valley of remains. The valley of remains speak to a cutting edge world, which resembles an unusual damnation made by present day industry. Production lines furthermore, trains, delivered in the production of riches, has contaminated America with its squanders. It is a physical desert that represents the profound devastation, that a general public dependent on cash makes. Neglecting the valley, are according to T.J. Ecklburg, a notice on a board in which a character really befuddles as God. It speaks to a God who has been made by present day society to bring in cash. It speaks to a God who no longer observes nor cares. The entire valley represents a world whose occupants are so profoundly lost, that they adore cash and riches. The guarantee of bliss, expectation, and opportunity that America gave its first pilgrims, has been ruined by the lies of insatiability, and the void of a fantasy based on riches. Green is the shade of promise,of trust, reestablishment, and at last the green light to which Gatsby loosens up his arms. The green light emblematically relates to the green bosom of another world, and toward the end melds Gatsby's vision of Daisy with that of the voyagers who had found the guarantee of another landmass. What at last goes after the vision, the objective, is that in America and by Gatsby it can just be accomplished through the obtaining of material belongings. Gatsby is an image for the entire American experience. The defilement of his fantasy, by utilizing realism as its methods also, the hallucination of youth and magnificence as its objective, is the defilement of American vision, which thus turns into the vacant guarantee. At long last Gatsby is decimated by his dreams of Daisy, similarly as the new scene of America has been changed over into a discouraging valley of remains, and the consecrated green light turns out to be only a bulb consuming toward the finish of Daisy's dock.

The Best Way to Read the SAT Writing Passages

The Best Way to Read the SAT Writing Passages SAT/ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The organization of the SAT Writing area is remarkable, and you might not have stepped through an examination with a comparative arrangement. To arrive at your objective score, you're going to require a particular way to deal with tackle the section based inquiries. In this article, I will clarify the different methodologies you can take when perusing the SAT Writing entries, and I'll control you on the best way to distinguish the technique that will work best for you. For what reason Do You Need a Specific Approach to Reading SAT WritingPassages? The arrangement of the SAT Writing area is extraordinary and figuring out which approach will work best for you will assist you with combatting likely missteps. A few understudies just glance at the underlined segments of sentences without understanding their specific situation. Another regular error is to hurry through the segment and commit thoughtless errors. Having a tried methodology will assist you with expanding your productivity. Despite the methodology you take, you should consistently peruse the total sentence that contains the underlined parcel. Additionally, you must be reliable. When you choose the best methodology for you, utilize that approach on the entirety of your training questions. Omar Reyes/Flickr The Top 4Strategies for Reading SAT Writing Passages These are the various methodologies you can take to perusing the entries. #1: Paragraph-by-Paragraph For this methodology, you read each passage, and afterward you answer the inquiries in that section. The advantages of utilizing this methodology are that you’ll comprehend what’s going on in the section before you answer questions, and you’ll be compelled to peruse full sentences before addressing questions. The primary downside of this methodology is that it tends to be tedious. I suggest giving this methodology a shot a training area and checking whether you’re ready to complete the segment in a short time. In the event that you just need a couple additional minutes to complete, this methodology can in any case work for you since you'll presumably accelerate with rehashed practice. In the event that you don't feel good or sure having the option to wrap up this methodology, you might need to utilize one of different procedures I'll examine. How about we experience how the passage by-passage approach functions utilizing a training SAT Writing segment. On the off chance that you were utilizing the passage by-passage approach on this segment, you would peruse the whole section up until â€Å"conversation† and afterward question 31. This methodology would function admirably here on the grounds that question 31 requires a comprehension of the section. At that point, you would peruse the following passage before endeavoring to respond to questions 32 and 33. On the SAT, you would rehash this procedure for each section in every entry. On the off chance that you're interested, I've given the responses to these inquiries. Answers:31. C, 32. A, 33. A Paragraphetzel (Windell Oskay/Flickr) #2: Answer as You Go In this methodology, you read through the section, and when you go to an underlined parcel, you read past it as far as possible of the sentence. At that point you answer the inquiry before proceeding. The advantages of this procedure are that it’s clear and quick. It’s a decent procedure to attempt in the event that you end up using up all available time on the passage by-section approach. The greatest disadvantage of this methodology is that you may experience difficulty responding to inquiries concerning sections and advances that require an increasingly intensive comprehension of the entry. By and by, I like to utilize the appropriate response as you go approach, however when I go to an inquiry that expects me to peruse a greater amount of the section, I keep perusing until I have enough data to accurately respond to the inquiry. You can likewise spare the inquiries that require an increasingly complete comprehension of the entry until the end when you’ve responded to different inquiries and have totally perused the section. In the event that you utilize the appropriate response as you go procedure, ensure you read until the finish of sentences before responding to questions. Here’s how to utilize this methodology accurately: In the event that you utilized this methodology, you would peruse the passage up until â€Å"machines† before doing address 26. In the wake of finishing question 26, you would peruse the following sentence until â€Å"presentations.† Then you would do address 27. At long last, you would peruse the last sentence of the section and afterward question 28. For question 28, you may need to allude to the previous passages or the section that follows to dispose of answer decisions. Be that as it may, for this specific inquiry, since you will have perused the whole section up until this point, you can effectively respond to this inquiry without doing any extra perusing. While this methodology is speedier, it can prompt more mistakes if you’re incapable to perceive when you have to accomplish all the more perusing to effectively address questions. Answers:26. A, 27. B, 28. C #3: Sentence-by-Sentence In the sentence-by-sentence approach, you just read sentences that incorporate underlined divides. This procedure has huge downsides since you won’t fathom the section also, and that may make noting a portion of the composing style addresses that require a progressively careful comprehension of the entry rather troublesome. I don’t suggest utilizing this methodology if you’re going for a 650 or above on Reading and Writing. Be that as it may, on the off chance that you end up using up all available time utilizing different methodologies or you’re getting occupied by unessential subtleties, this could be a decent methodology for you. Simply ensure you’re perusing the whole sentence. Let’s adopt a glance at this strategy by and by: Peruse the primary sentence and afterward do questions 34 and 35. At that point read the following sentence and do 36. After, you can skirt the sentence that begins with Arranged and read the sentence containing 37 that begins with â€Å"It additionally reinforces.† Once more, in the event that you experience an inquiry that requires a progressively intensive comprehension of the entry, you can skip it and return to it later, or you can peruse a greater amount of the section until you realize enough to address the inquiry. On the off chance that you’re utilizing this system, follow this methodology for each question in each entry. Answers:34. D, 35. A, 36. D, 37. A #4: Passage First The last methodology is to skim the whole entry, and afterward revisit utilizing sentence-by-sentence to respond to the inquiries. This procedure is the most exhaustive, and it very well may be useful on the off chance that you end up experiencing difficulty on the association or huge picture questions. Be that as it may, this methodology can take a lot of time and be inconvenience than it’s worth.If you're a quick peruser and have the most trouble with the association and substance based inquiries, this methodology can be useful. In the event that you battle with time or feel increasingly great responding to the inquiries as you read the entry, at that point this isn't the perfect methodology for you. Instructions to Find the Right Strategy and Use It Effectively Here are the means to experience to make sense of which way to deal with use. Step #1: Try Paragraph-by-Paragraph For most understudies, this methodology will yield the best outcomes. It may not be the best one for you, however attempt it first to perceive how it functions. Step #2: Analyze Why You’re Missing Questions to Decide on the Best Approach After you finish your training segment, go over it cautiously; make sense of why you misunderstood inquiries and where you battled. Ensure you realize how to audit practice tests. Consider these inquiries to choose which way to deal with attempt: Did you use up all available time? On the off chance that you’re using up all available time with 5 or less inquiries left, attempt the appropriate response as you go approach. On the off chance that you’re using up all available time with at least 6, attempt sentence-by-sentence. Do you have time left finished? What amount? On the off chance that you have more than 3-4 minutes left toward the end and you’re missing inquiries, you have to back off. You’re likely surging. Make a point to peruse the entry and questions cautiously. It is safe to say that you are feeling the loss of a ton of the comprehensive view examines that ask concerning whole sections or the entry all in all? Provided that this is true, you might need to concentrate on your understanding perception and mindfully perusing the section. In light of your responses to these inquiries, choose which approach is best for you, and afterward practice that approach. It might take two or three endeavors to make sense of what works best for you. Recall that paying little heed to which approach you take, you have to peruse the entire sentence before responding to questions. Step #3: Practice Your Approach Repeatedly When you choose a methodology, use it on each training test and question. The motivation behind having an assigned way to deal with the entries is to empower you to effectively respond to the inquiries as productively as could be expected under the circumstances. On the off chance that you’re experiencing issues keeping up a specific methodology, you might need to attempt another that’s simpler for you to follow. It might require some investment to locate the best methodology for you, however once you discover it, you’ll have the option to augment your score. These methodologies possibly work on the off chance that you use them reliably. What's Next? In case you're attempting to ace the substance for SAT Writing, ensure you know the 12 most significant syntax rules. Additionally, you're going to need to audit my articles on accentuation and changes. For those of you focusing on flawlessness, get master counsel from an ideal scorer on the best way to get a 1600. Need to improve your SAT score by 160? Look at our top tier online SAT prep program. We ensure your cash back in the event that you don't improve your SAT score by at least 160. Our program is altogether on the web, and it tweaks what you study to your qualities and shortcomings. On the off chance that you loved this Writing and punctuation exercise, you'll love our program.Along with progressively itemized exercises, you'll get thousands ofpractice issues sorted out by singular aptitudes so you learn most adequately. We'll likewise give you a bit by bit program to follow so you'll never be befuddled about what to concentrate straightaway. Che

Why Do Students Bargain About Essay Topics?

Why Do Students Bargain About Essay Topics?Some students are so upset about the abundance of essay topics on their assignment board that they will 'bargain' with their instructor to avoid writing a paper. Yet what student is really prepared for?Students' first reaction when it comes to writing a paper is not to write a paper but to research on the topic. They try to find some information on the topic to be used in the paper. This is understandable because most of us know a lot of information on certain topics.On the other hand, if the professor has provided for essay topics on a specific area of study, it would be a good strategy to go ahead and research on it. Just be sure to gather all the required information. If it is a complicated topic, it may be necessary to write some background information as well. It should also be mentioned that some subjects, such as technology, are becoming more advanced all the time.Thus, students must learn to be informed enough to look into these deve lopments before writing their paper. If you want to prepare for this kind of situation, you should learn to do research as you are going through your assignments.However, there is another way to do research for an essay topic. This way is to utilize the Internet. This is often referred to as free-writing.The Web has provided a whole new world for researching essay topics. A student can now access a lot of information on a subject online. He or she can actually do the research without having to pay a cent.Since this information is free, you can actually get access to the same information in a short time. You just have to search for websites that can provide you the information that you need. With a few clicks of the mouse, you can get it in a short time.Because of the latest technologies, today's students tend to keep abreast of the latest topics in their field. In addition, if you want to be prepared for the assignment, you should consider using the Internet to find resources that a re important. Doing research is only one way to be prepared for an assignment.

Portrait of Marten Looten Essay examples - 1903 Words

Christian Gutierrez Dr. Wendy Slatkin ART 213 19 November 2012 The Portrait of Marten Looten There have been many great artists throughout the history of mankind. World famous and household names such as Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Picasso may be the first to come to mind. However there is one artist who perhaps surpasses the aforementioned names in terms of technical skill; a man who is incredibly proficient in the fields of painting and especially etching; a man who’s work symbolizes an entire period of art spanning the majority of the 17th century: Remrandt van Rijn. He has produced quite a large amount of paintings, many of them portraits, but one is of particular interest. The Portrait of Marten Looten is an†¦show more content†¦Even though the amount colors used in the portrait are very minimal, they are believable and make the piece comfortably appealing to the eyes. Perhaps the most technically impressive aspect of the painting is its remarkable three-dimensionality. Rembrandt is well known for his strikingly accurate portrayal of human shape and form, and this painting lives up to such reputation. With the use of oil paint, he was able to carefully and selectively layer color to create an astonishing representation of the human figure. The most alluring aspect of the piece, in terms of modeling technique, is the face. It contains so much detail; it is hard to believe this painting was done by hand. From the light, wispy texture of the facial hair to the subtle wrinkles surrounding the eyes, attention to detail is what sets this portrait far above many others. Rembrandt’s playful chiaroscuro on the nose and right hand truly give the piece a sense of depth, and the painterly quality of the piece produces a soft and elegant look. Also present within the face is the famous Rembrandt triangle. The result of a specific lighting technique frequ ently used by Rembrandt, a small triangle is formed underneath the eyes. It is present under the left eye in Marten’s portrait, which gives his face a more natural look. Another technique that intensifies the three-dimensionality of the visible body parts is the use ofShow MoreRelatedSilent Words in Art710 Words   |  3 Pagesmelancholy. Looking at the portrait of Marten Looten portrait was created by Rembrant in 1632 the size of 92.8 cm by 74.9 cm. The work of his art can be found at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art in the collection of the European paintings Rembrandt painting is painted on a wooden canvas using oil paints. He made the work look like it can almost be a realistic human being. The painting was created in 1632 and completed in 1632. Rembrandt placed Martin Looten in the middle of the wooden canvas

Protective Measures after 9/11 and Their Effects on American Citizens - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 895 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2019/08/15 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: 9/11 Essay Did you like this example? Protective Measures after 9/11 and Their Effects on American Citizens   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Prior to the attack, the United States had only a few regulations against terrorism in the country. The United States was forced to tighten any area suspected of harmful penetration after the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001. The situation of higher protective measures leads to the enforcement of the Patriot Act, the creation of the Homeland Security Department, Transportation security act, Foreign intelligence surveillance act, Material support laws, which have become the major helpful laws and regulations passed as a result of 911 terrorist attack.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The terrorist attack on September 11, 2000, influenced the entire world, but mostly on the future of immigration laws and security. In 2002 after the attacks, Congress legislated the department of homeland and security act with the primary vision to maintain domestic refuge within the U.S. and ensure border safety and security. By protecting Americans affected by natural disasters and responding to terrorist attacks upon the United States (ABC-CLIO, 2018) the homeland security act has greatly increased the sense of security among Americans. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Protective Measures after 9/11 and Their Effects on American Citizens" essay for you Create order   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Despite these achievements, the department of homeland security has resulted in massive amounts of deportation which has led to the separation of families. Another role of the DHS is maintaining security on digital platforms. As much as these security measures have been able to prevent terrorist attacks within the U.S, Americans have less and less privacy while using the internet which questions the main purpose of these protective measures.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On October 26, 2001, the Congress passed the USA PATRIOT ACT (Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism) (ABC-CLIO, 2018) as a response to the 9/11 attack. The patriot act gives intelligence officials and federal law enforcement the means to defeat terrorist attacks upon the United States. The enactment of the patriot act has infringed upon the 14th amendment in the constitution which states that people are to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause. by conducting searches on its citizens and foreign nationals without being informed and arent under a criminal investigation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addition to the department of homeland security and patriot act, the Congress enacted the Transportation security act of 2002 (TSA) to prevent future attacks on the united states by regulating the transport systems. Before the enactment of the act, the United State transport system was vulnerable to breaches in the security and may serve as a target for terrorist attacks aimed at the united states. So far, Congress has been able to combat these issues with the creation of TSA. The aviation and transportation security act have enforced mandatory screening and increased hand searching. Since the implementation of TSA, there have been numerous complaints of invasion of privacy and racial profiling which is an act of discrimination and violation of an individuals right.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Equally important as the other acts are the foreign intelligence surveillance act (FISA), amended in 2001 and states the procedures required to obtain information both physically and internationally from foreign acts. The united states government approved the use of electronic surveillance, physical search and investigations of any form to gain foreign intelligence. The basis of FISA are arguably unconstitutional, specifically violating the fourth amendment   which states that The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized. To be a target of an investigation, the government must provide probable cause to believe that a search is justified.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Finally, the material support laws which prohibits individuals or organisations from providing material support from a safe house, transportation, communications, funds, transfer of funds or other material financial benefit, false documentation or identification, weapons (including chemical, biological, or radiological weapons), explosives, to training (ABC-CLIO, 2018) The ruling of this law has prevented the efforts of human right organizations who must interact directly with these groups in order to combat violence and promote peace and freedom. For terrorist groups to become completely eradicated human rights organizations must directly influence the views of these terrorist group to cease their rights-violating practices, explaining to the perpetrators their obligations under human rights and humanitarian law (Holder, 2018). The material law has violated their first amendment right to freedom of association.   The goals of these human right organization are not to encourage terrorism but to end it lawfully   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In the final analysis, these laws and protection put into place after the 9/11 attack to protect the liberties of American citizens has greatly conflicted with the first, fourth, and fourteenth amendment of Americans. There are still questions on whether these acts and reforms have fully eradicated future attacks on the united states. References September 11, 2001. The U.S. Responds. (ABC-CLIO, 2018). [Video]. Retrieved from https://americanhistory2-abc-clio-com.gmclibrary.idm.oclc.org/Topics/Display/1676873?cid=140sid=1894469 Department of Homeland Security. (ABC-CLIO, 2018). In American History. Retrieved from https://americanhistory2-abc-clio-com.gmclibrary.idm.oclc.org/Search/Display/512272 USA Patriot Act (2001). (ABC-CLIO, 2018). In American History. Retrieved from https://americanhistory2-abc-clio-com.gmclibrary.idm.oclc.org/Search/Display/567308 Holder, E. H. (2018). Holder v. Humanitarian Law Project Amicus Brief of the Carter Center et al. Retrieved November 30, 2018, from https://www.aclu.org/legal-document/holder-v-humanitarian-law-project-amicus-brief-carter-center-et-al

The Naivety of Holden Caulfield and America Exposed in The...

With every articulated drop of knowledge and accentuated measure of experience, comes a vast crescendo of soundness and wisdom. Acquiring these necessities of life may take a person, or a nation, decades of determination and desire for change to develop. If not given enough time, however, the individual or nation might descend and linger in a stage of naivety—where knowledge is too scarce to truly understand and evaluate all the experiences they have gone through in the world. Our nation is, and has always been, a nation succumbing to the weakness of our naivety due to the critical lack of the incandescent wisdom and maturity it needed in order for peace to prevail. In J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye, the young character named†¦show more content†¦Salinger’s novel, The Catcher in the Rye, presented a young, naà ¯ve, and intelligent male teenager named Holden Caulfield whose independent lifestyle and philosophical anxieties mirrored that of our na tion’s unworldly ways. First off, Holden was a mere 16-year-old at the time. His youthfulness was bounded by a reign of vulnerability and confusion, leaving him with a sense of being out of place in society. â€Å"When I finally got down off the radiator and went out to the hat-check room, I was crying and all. I don’t know why, but I was. I guess it was because I was feeling so damn depressed and lonesome† (Salinger 153). These subtle traces of teenage angst and disarray shown in Holden’s character provided precise evidence towards the fact that a person’s age was a critical contribution to his/her power to gather wisdom. Holden was also left confused and sickened by human behavior due to the death of his brother Allie. He was subconsciously comparing everyone in society to Allie, because Allie symbolized the last spark of innocence that he was exposed to. People around Holden were all eventually interpreted as ‘phonies’ as they each grew up and accepted reality. He reached the point to where he could not even sit through a movie or a play without caring about whether or not the actors would make any phony moves. â€Å"The trouble with me

American Revolution - Summary free essay sample

The American Patriots labeled the killings The Boston Massacre. 1773- Massachusetts patriots dressed as Mohawk Indians protest the Brothels Tea Act by dumping crates of tea Into the Boston Harbor. The Brothels Tea Act was when the British increased the taxes on tea that were shipped to the colonies. 1774- Benjamin Franklin and the First Continental Congress convenes in Philadelphia. 1775- Shots are fired at Lexington and Concord. The colonists force the British troops back to Boston. George Washington takes command of the Continental Army. 76- Thomas Pains Common Sense Is published. The book contained many Ideas that Inspired the colonists to rebel against Great Britain. -After 39 revisions, Thomas Jefferson Declaration of Independence Is finally passed by the Continental Congress. -A huge British force arrives in New York Harbor with hopes of crushing the rebellion. -The Continental Army is routed in Long Island, New York. -Washington crosses the Delaware River and captures a Hessian force at Trenton, NJ. We will write a custom essay sample on American Revolution Summary or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page -In December of 1776, The colonists were in desperate need o financing and arms.The congress sent Benjamin Franklin to France to urge the French to ally with America. 1777- In Separate battles, the Americans lose Fort Ticonderoga, Brandywine, Germantown, and Philadelphia to the British. -In October 1777, the Americans capture Saratoga and British fighters. 1778- France signs a treaty of alliance with the United States and the American Revolution becomes a world war. 1780- British attack Charleston, SC, and the city is On October 19, 1781, the British General, Lord Cornwallis is forced to retreat to a the Virginian peninsula Yorktown.The French Navy surrounds the peninsula with ships, while the Americans soldiers chase the British by foot. Cornwallis is forced to surrender and the Americans win the Revolutionary War. 1781- A peace treaty is signed between Great Britain and the United States, and Britain surrenders the Colonies to the Americans. Causes of the American Revolution The Boston Massacre was an encounter on March 5, 1770, that was five years before the American Revolution between British troops and a group of citizens of Boston that were then in the Massachusetts Bay Colony.British troops were quartered in the itty to discourage demonstrations. As a result of constant harassment by the citizens, a squad of British soldiers that had been struck by snow and ice balls with rocks inside thrown during a demonstration, fired into the crowd, killing five men. The eight soldiers and their commanding officer were tried for murder and were defended by John Adams, later president of the United States, and Josiah Quince. Two of the soldiers were declared guilty of manslaughter, and the others, including the officer, wer e acquitted. The incident was skillfully exploited by the American patriot Samuel Adams to create anti-British sentiment in the colonies. After the incident the patriots of Massachusetts Bay were more and more agitated by the soldiers. They werent going to take much more. The Boston Tea Party was an event that took place December 16, 1773, by a group of Boston citizens to protest the British tax on tea imported to the colonies. Although most provisions of the Townsend Acts were repealed by Parliament, the duty on tea was retained to demonstrate the power of Parliament to tax the colonies.The citizens of Boston would not permit the unloading f three British ships that arrived in Boston in November 1773 with 342 chests of tea. The royal governor of Massachusetts, Thomas Hutchinson, however, would not allow the tea ships to return to England until the duty had been paid. On the evening of December 16, a group of Bostonians, instigated by the American patriot Samuel Adams and disguised as Indians, boarded the vessels and emptied the tea into Boston Harbor. When the government of Boston refused to pay for the tea, the British closed the port. The acts by the British with the tea provoked Bostonians.Because of his they were pushed too far. After what happened with the Boston Massacre, the Patriots wanted something that could push them over the edge to start the Revolution and with the taxes this moved them a few steps closer. This should have taught the British a lesson, but it didnt. The Stamp Act was an act introduced by the British prime minister George Greenville and passed by the British Parliament in 1765 as a means of raising revenue in the American colonies. It required all legal documents, licenses, commercial contracts, newspapers, pamphlets, and playing arts to carry a tax stamp.The act extended to the colonies the system of stamp duties then employed in Great Britain and was intended to raise money to lower the aroused widespread opposition among the colonists, who argued that because they were not represented in Parliament, they could not legally be taxed without their consent. The Stamp Act was the last straw. It was the one that pushed the colonies over the edge. Although The Boston Massacre, Boston Tea Party, and Stamp Act were only three events that helped cause The American Revolution, they were major.

Commit a Fraud

Introduction Asset misappropriation methods include frauds in which executors use tricks and deceits to acquire ownership of an institution’s resources. In these methods, employees use assets of the organizations that they work in for their personal gains. In many cases, people who commit asset misappropriation crimes are employees of organizations, clients or suppliers. Asset misappropriation differs from other crimes in that trickery is applied.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Commit a Fraud specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Force is never applied in execution of asset misappropriation crimes. Two categories of asset misappropriation crimes exist. These include deceitful acquisition of money and non-cash assets. In addition, asset misappropriation crimes can take place at any point in an organization. The circumstances that promote the occurrence of asset misappropriation differ. The crime can take p lace before records are made or after reports have been prepared. Asset misappropriation can also take place when purchases are being made, during preparation of payroll or in delivery of reimbursement. However, in many cases, asset misappropriation involves the theft of money. This paper describes how an employee plans to commit skimming successfully. It also describes the impact of weak controls and the prevention of the crime in a company. Execution of Skimming Asset misappropriation is divided into various types namely skimming, misuse of funds and cash larceny. Skimming is a type of cash theft by an employee. It involves the theft of money before records are entered in an organization’s accounts. Hence, skimming is popularly referred to as off the records fraud. John works as a teller at Thomson Home Hardware store where he plans to skim money successfully. He plans to commit the act on several occasions. He will ensure that a record has not been made before he commits t he crime. Absence of a record will make audit trace impossible. Stealing the money before it is recorded will ensure that the company does not know of its receipt. Consequently, it will be difficult for the company to know that John has stolen the money. John decided to position himself appropriately within the organization to succeed in stealing money. He realized that it is essential to be in a department in which funds are received. In such departments, he will receive and record payments and money. This will give him access to cash.Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More He plans to slip checks or cash out of the receivables. That is why he chose to be a teller at the hardware store. John plans to post a large quantity of the money received in the appropriate returns or clients’ accounts. However, he will keep a smaller quantity of the received payments in his priva te account. Skimming is usually straightforward. A customer comes and makes payment for goods and services. Customers leave the store after they pay for goods bought or services received. The employee then places the received amounts in the cash register. However, since John plans to steal money, he will put part of the money in his pocket and not record the transaction. The process will be simplified since there is no supervisor who will monitor his activities at the store. However, in case there will be a supervisor around, John plans to make a no-sale record in the registers even if he has received money for cash sale. John plans to use these two strategies. These will assist him to avoid easy detection. Additionally, he will target donations made by donors instead of receivables. He will do so since it will be difficult to conceal receivable skimming. John realized that customers are likely to make complaints if they detect that their deposits do not reflect in their accounts. I n the execution of skimming, John will ensure that there are no observers. He will sit or stand in a position in which nobody will detect that he hides some of the checks or money. John is aware of the cameras that the hardware’s proprietor has placed in the cash receivable office. Therefore, John plans to conceal both his identity and the crime. Detection of the crime can result into his imprisonment and loss of employment. Hence, John has carefully planned the execution of the crime. This has taken him a long time, and the crime will begin with concealment of small amounts. John has planned not to change his lifestyle after he steals the money successfully. He noted that change in lifestyle could result into early detection. In addition, it will be essential that he destroy all physical evidences that can result into detection. Therefore, John has planned to ensure that there is no paper trail. Any document that will link him to the crime will be destroyed.Advertising We will write a custom case study sample on Commit a Fraud specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Furthermore, he will destroy all video evidences that will capture the execution of the crime. In addition, all forgeries that he will use to execute the crime will be perfect. He has planned to forge the signature of the manager. The signature is used in authorization of receipts. Finally, John plans not to act suspiciously at work. He argued that lack of confidence during execution of skimming could result into detection. Weak Internal Controls Studies have suggested that asset misappropriation is prevalent in institutions and businesses that have weak controls. Poor isolation of duties and authorization, inadequate supervision and weak accounting systems are some of the internal controls that enable the existence of crimes like skimming. An appropriate internal system can assist an organization deter the occurrence of skimming. A framework t hat can assist in the elimination of skimming has to include appropriate environment, activities and accounting strategies, continuous monitoring and effective communication system. The lack of these conditions in an organization enables an employee to succeed in execution of skimming. Internal controls as separation of duties make it difficult for an employee to succeed in skimming. In the cash receivable room, John can record receipt of mails and the second worker can enter the funds into a register. The third employee can take the money to the bank. This makes skimming impossible. Investigation of no-sale transactions can also assist an organization reduce skimming. Finally, it is appropriate for an organization to conduct thorough background checks before they employ workers. Prevention of Asset Misappropriation The occurrence of asset misappropriation results into great loss for any organization. The prevention of asset misappropriation is a strategy that an organization can us e to reduce losses. Hence, numerous organizations have implemented fraud preventive measures. However, the implementation of these strategies does not necessarily result into a reduction of asset misappropriation practices. According to the triangle shown below, all employees can commit asset misappropriation even if preventive measures are in place. Advertising Looking for case study on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Employees have pressures, opportunities to commit crime and can rationalize the practice. Therefore, it is appropriate for organizations to introduce other strategies to complement internal controls. These other strategies include the creation of a culture of honesty within the organization, provision of assistance to employees, and the elimination of opportunities for crime. In creating an honesty culture, an organization should hire and train workers on fraud awareness. In addition, an organization should create a good work environment and establish an aid program for employees. The elimination of asset misappropriation includes maintenance of appropriate internal controls, implementation of crime deterrence strategies and inclusion of clients in management of the problem. It can also include the creation of a whistle blower method and performance of audits. Fraud Detection Organizations must implement fraud detection methods to avoid losses. The basic technique is to identify and monitor symptoms of fraud. Asset misappropriation is normally accompanied by accounting anomalies like inaccuracies in ledger books. In addition, overrides in the internal control systems may indicate the existence of asset misappropriation practices within an organization. Changes in lifestyles of employees and suspicious behaviours can also be indicators of fraud within an organization. An employee who steals money from his employer is likely to increase in his lifestyle. He is also likely to act suspiciously when he is at work. Analytical systems can also be used to detect fraud in an organization. Analytical systems can include investigation of unusual activities. For example, activities and transactions that take place at odd times can be indicators of fraud. Finally, organization can introduce the use of modern technology in detection of crime. Conclusions Asset mismanagement includes frauds in which employees use trickery to acquire ownership of a company’s property. One of such method of asset mismanagement is skimming. This paper aimed to describe a method through which an employee could execute skimming. It provided methods through which an employee will successfully execute skimming in a company. Secondly, it examined some of the internal controls that a company can employ to reduce the occurrence of asset mismanagement. Thirdly, the paper discussed prevention and detection of asset mismanagement in an organization. In the discussions, it provided recommendations that can be used to reduce the crime. This case study on Commit a Fraud was written and submitted by user Jamal Shepherd to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

SAT Punctuation Tips for Commas, Colons, and Dashes

SAT Punctuation Tips for Commas, Colons, and Dashes SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips The SAT Writing and Language section will test you on your knowledge of punctuation. Understandably, many students are utterly confused by commas and semicolons and clueless when it comes to colons and dashes. In this article, I'll eliminate your confusion and explain all of the punctuation rules you need to know to ace SAT Writing. Furthermore, I'll provide practice questions to test you on what you've learned. Punctuation on SAT Writing SAT punctuation questions test you on your knowledge of commas, semicolons, colons, dashes, and apostrophes. In this article, I’ll explain the rules for all punctuation except apostrophes because I’ve devoted a separate article to apostrophes. Excluding apostrophe questions, there are about 4-6 punctuation questions on the SAT. Most of the punctuation rules are fairly straightforward; if you spend the time to learn and understand these rules, you should be able to correctly answer the punctuation questions on SAT Writing. The Rule for All SAT Punctuation Questions:When in Doubt, Leave It Out For the SAT, if you’re unsure if a sentence requires punctuation, it’s better to err on the side of leaving out punctuation. Only use commas, semicolons, colons, or dashes if you identify a situation that requires them. You’re more likely to miss a punctuation question by adding unnecessary punctuation than by leaving out punctuation that’s needed. Take a look at this example: The comma before â€Å"that† is unnecessary. A common error on SAT punctuation questions is to randomly place a comma or semicolon within a sentence, especially in sentences in which there are other commas. In this sentence, answer choice D is the correct answer. No punctuation is needed. Remember that if punctuation isn’t needed, you should leave it out. Now I’ll go over specific rules to help you determine when to use punctuation. The 6 SAT Comma Rules While there are a multitude of comma rules, the SAT only tests a few of them. I’ll explain the comma rules that are important to know for the SAT. #1: Surround Non-Restrictive Clauses and Appositives With Commas The key rule to remember here is that a portion of a sentence that can be removed without changing the meaning of the sentence must be surrounded by commas. Relative Clauses: Restrictive vs. Non-Restrictive Relative clauses are dependent clauses that describe a noun and start with a relative pronoun or adverb like â€Å"who,† â€Å"that,† â€Å"which,† or â€Å"where.† The basic rule is that restrictive clauses shouldn’t be surrounded by commas and non-restrictive clauses should be. What’s a Restrictive Clause? Restrictive clauses are essential to the meaning of the sentence. You can’t take a restrictive clause out of a sentence without significantly changing the meaning of the sentence. Here’s an example: People who sleep well are more alert. If you remove the clause â€Å"who sleep well,† the meaning of the sentence would be substantially changed. You’d be left with â€Å"People are more alert.† Because you can’t remove the clause without changing the meaning of the sentence, the clause shouldn’t be surrounded by commas. What’s a Non-Restrictive Clause? A non-restrictive clause isn’t essential to the meaning of the sentence. If you got rid of the clause, the sentence would still make sense, and its meaning wouldn’t change. Here’s an example sentence with the non-restrictive clause underlined. Nate, who works as a software engineer, majored in computer science. The clause â€Å"who works as a software engineer† adds more information about Nate, but if it were removed, the meaning of the sentence would be the same. There would be less information about Nate, but the sentence still states that he majored in computer science. This is what the sentence looks like after removing the non-restrictive clause: Nate majored in computer science. What Is an Appositive? An appositive is a descriptive phrase that doesn’t include a verb. Like a non-restrictive clause, an appositive can be removed without changing the meaning of the sentence. Here’s an example sentence with the appositive underlined: Torsha, a fan of celebrity gossip, loves watching The Wendy Williams Show. If we get rid of the appositive, the sentence still has the same meaning: Torsha loves watching The Wendy Williams Show. If you’re unsure if a phrase is an appositive, eliminate the phrase. If the meaning of the sentence is unchanged, the descriptive phrase is an appositive that should be surrounded by commas. The rule that appositives must be surrounded by commas is one of the most often tested comma rules on the SAT. SAT Example Because the only difference in the answer choices is the placement of commas, we know this question is testing our knowledge of comma rules. In this sentence, the phrase â€Å"an associate professor of geology at Ohio State† is an appositive. The phrase describes Jason Box, and it can be removed without changing the meaning of the sentence. All we have to do is apply the rule that appositives must be surrounded by commas. The error in the original sentence is that there is no comma after â€Å"Ohio State.† The correct answer is C. There is no comma before the appositive in answer choice B, and answer choice D places a comma within the appositive unnecessarily, and there isn’t a comma at the end of it. Pretty comma (stealingsand/Flickr) #2: Use Commas After Introductory Phrases or Clauses Any time a sentence starts with a dependent clause or modifying phrase, it must be followed by a comma. Here are some examples: Although I want to go to Hawaii for Joe’s wedding, I have to work. In high school, Suzy was the class clown. Unable to focus because of the loud construction work outside, Harry went to the library to study. SAT Example On the SAT, a sentence may include an introductory dependent clause or phrase, and you have to select the proper punctuation that follows the introduction. Only a comma can come after an introductory phrase or clause that isn’t a complete thought. The introductory phrase, from â€Å"Living† to â€Å"ethic,† modifies the Harvey Girls. Because the phrase isn’t a complete thought, meaning it can’t stand alone as a sentence, we must put a comma at the end of the phrase. The correct answer is D. Answer choice C is wrong because the addition of â€Å"and† makes the sentence incorrect. When an introductory phrase describes a noun, the noun being modified must come directly after the comma. In this sentence, the phrase is modifying the Harvey Girls. #3: Use Commas to Separate Items in a List You’re probably familiar with this comma rule: in lists of three or more items, you must place a comma after every item except the last. Check out this example: During spring break, my days will consist of eating, watching Netflix, and sleeping. The three items on the list are â€Å"eating,† â€Å"watching Netflix,† and sleeping. Because there are three items, there are commas after the first two. The last comma in the list before â€Å"and,† known as the oxford comma, is technically optional, and you won’t be tested on whether or not to use it. However, every list question I've seen uses the oxford comma. Here’s another example: Participation in sports teaches many important values, including perseverance, teamwork, and dedication. The three items on this list are â€Å"perseverance,† â€Å"teamwork,† and â€Å"dedication.† On the SAT, there may be incorrectly placed commas placed before the first item or after the â€Å"and† prior to the last item. In the sentence above, you can’t place a comma after â€Å"including† or before â€Å"dedication.† Incorrect: Participation in sports teaches many values, including, perseverance, teamwork, and dedication. Incorrect: Participation in sports teaches many values, including perseverance, teamwork, and, dedication. Correct: Participation in sports teaches many values, including perseverance, teamwork, and dedication. Sleep is important. (RelaxingMusic/Flickr) SAT Example As we know, items in a list must be separated by commas. The three items in this list are "yogurt manufacturers," "food scientists," and "government officials." The semicolon in the original sentence is being used incorrectly. In answer choice D, there is an unnecessary comma placed after â€Å"and.† The correct answer is C. #4: Don’t Use Commas to Separate Complete Thoughts Using a comma to separate two complete thoughts creates a grammar error known as a comma splice. Here’s an example of a comma splice: Dorothy failed her test, it was extremely difficult. The clauses before and after the comma are complete thoughts that could stand alone as sentences. There are a few ways to correct a comma splice. You can put a conjunction after the comma: Dorothy failed her test, but it was extremely difficult. Also, you can put a relative pronoun after the comma: Dorothy failed her test, which was extremely difficult. Finally, you can use a semicolon or colon to correctly separate two complete thoughts: Dorothy failed her test; it was extremely difficult. Dorothy failed her test: it was extremely difficult. Next, take a look at acomma splice example from the real SAT. amboo who?/Flickr SAT Example The comma after â€Å"instance† is incorrect because the clauses before and after the comma are complete thoughts. Answer choice C is still a comma splice. Answer choice D is wrong because the resulting sentences don’t make sense in context. The correct answer is B. A colon comes after a complete thought, and it sets up a list or explanation. In this sentence, an explanation follows the colon. Even if you were unsure of colon rules (which I’ll explain later), you could have selected the right answer by eliminating wrong answer choices. #5: Don’t Use a Comma Between an Adjective and a Noun You can’t place a comma between an adjective and noun. Check out this example sentence: Incorrect: Trista bought a blue, truck. Correct: Trista bought a blue truck. On the SAT, this comma rule tends to come up when a title is being used as an adjective before a noun. Here are a couple of examples: Incorrect: I enjoy reading the books of acclaimed writer, Malcolm Gladwell. Correct: I enjoy reading the books of acclaimed writer Malcolm Gladwell. Many people incorrectly assume there should be a comma; however, in this sentence, â€Å"writer† is describing Malcolm Gladwell, and you can’t place a comma between an adjective and a noun. I like his books. (Michelle Tribe/Flickr) Similarly, if the title comes before a possessive noun, there shouldn’t be a comma after the title or the possessive. Check out this example: Incorrect: You are extremely excited to read PrepScholar writer, Justin Berkman’s next article. Incorrect: You are extremely excited to read PrepScholar writer Justin Berkman’s, next article. Correct: You are extremely excited to read PrepScholar writer Justin Berkman’s next article. SAT Example Remember that there shouldn't be a comma after a title used as an adjective or a possessive noun. In this sentence, there are commas placed after both "painter" and "Georges Seurat's." We need to remove the commas to correct the sentence. Only answer choice D removes both unnecessary commas. Semicolons on the SAT The only thing you have to know about semicolons is that they are used to separate two complete thoughts. You should be able to replace the semicolon with a period and have two complete sentences. Here’s an example: Incorrect: Because Jesse is my friend; I invited him to my party. Correct: Jesse is my friend; I invited him to my party. The second sentence is correct because the semicolon is separating two independent clauses. On the SAT, semicolons are often used incorrectly. SAT Example Immediately, we know that the semicolon is incorrect because the phrase after the semicolon can’t stand alone as a sentence. Now we have to determine the correct comma placement. Answer choices B and C are wrong because you can’t place a comma after a preposition. Answer choice D is correct; the comma separates the independent clause from the explanatory phrase. Keep in mind that commas often separate independent clauses from dependent clauses or descriptive phrases. Colons on the SAT Colons can connect two independent clauses, but they're usually used to introduce lists and explanations. Colons must come after a complete sentence. You should be able to put a period in place of the colon and have a sentence that makes sense. Incorrect: Jasmine brought everything she needed for the exam, including: pencils, a backpack, and a calculator. Correct: Jasmine brought everything she needed for the exam: pencils, a backpack, and a calculator. The first sentence is incorrect because the part that comes before the colon isn’t a complete thought. Also, a colon should be used instead of a comma to separate a noun from items on a list: Incorrect: Lewis was excited to meet his relatives, his aunt, uncle, and cousins from the Bahamas. Correct: Lewis was excited to meet his relatives: his aunt, uncle, and cousins from the Bahamas. The first sentence makes it seem like â€Å"his relatives† is part of the list. However, all of the people he is meeting are his relatives, and the portion after the colon lists the relatives whom he will be meeting. Additionally, colons can be used to provide explanation. Here’s an example: Sandy repeatedly complained about her least favorite restaurants: places where you can often hear loud conversations and crying babies. In the above sentence, the colon is placed after a complete thought, and the portion of the sentence after the colon describes the type of restaurants that Sandy dislikes. You could substitute the colon with a comma, but you need punctuation to separate the complete thought from the explanatory phrase. SAT Example The portion of the sentence after â€Å"army† describes the other type of army. We need punctuation to separate the complete thought up until â€Å"army† from the phrase elaborating on this group of people. Answer choice C is incorrect because the phrase following â€Å"army† isn’t a complete thought, and answer choice B is wrong because the dash before â€Å"by† is unnecessary (I’ll explain dashes next). The correct answer is D. Dashes on the SAT Dashes aren’t very common on the SAT, but they do come up. They can be used to mark off a non-essential clause or phrase (like a comma) or introduce a list or explanation (like a colon). If dashes are used with non-essential clauses or phrases, you can’t mix them with commas. You have to go with either two dashes or two commas. Here’s an example: Incorrect: Ryan, an energetic teenager- can’t sit still during class. Correct: Ryan- an energetic teenager- can’t sit still during class. Correct: Ryan, an energetic teenager, can’t sit still during class. This is an example using a dash like a colon to set up an explanation: Correct: Ryan can’t sit still during class- he’s an energetic teenager. Lastly, a dash can be used for stylistic reasons to interrupt a statement or create a dramatic pause. Check out this example: Byron spent hours painting a beautiful picture- and then his little brother destroyed it. You don’t have to worry too much about using dashes for this type of sentence. If a dash is the correct answer in a similar sentence, then you’ll be able to eliminate the other answer choices because they’ll be obviously incorrect. SAT Example The phrase from â€Å"popularized† to â€Å"Coolidge† is a non-essential phrase. You can get rid of the phrase without altering the meaning of the sentence. The error is that the phrase is first marked off with a dash and then a comma. Remember that you can’t mix dashes and commas when marking off non-essential phrases and clauses. Therefore, to maintain consistency, the correct answer is B. Punctuation cookies! (David Erickson/Flickr) The Most Important Rules and Strategies for SAT Punctuation Because we’ve gone over a number of punctuation rules and ways to correct punctuation errors, I’m going to sum up the most important points to help you correctly answer SAT Writing punctuation questions. Important Rules Surround appositives and non-essential phrases with commas. Use commas to separate items in a list. Don’t use commas in between two independent clauses. Semicolons connect two independent clauses. Colons come after a complete sentence and set up a list or explanation. Dashes can be used to mark off non-essential clauses or introduce lists and explanations. Strategies Leave out punctuation unless you identify a situation that requires it. You’ll never be asked to choose between interchangeable punctuation marks: if two answer choices serve the same function, then both will be wrong. Use process of elimination to determine the right answer on punctuation questions. Many of the wrong answers will have errors that you’ll be quickly able to detect. Eliminating the wrong answers can sometimes be easier than choosing the right one. Practice Questions Try these practice questions using the knowledge you've acquired. Studies show that children; who are physically active may perform better in the classroom. A. NO CHANGE B. children, C. children D. children: Last week, Theodore- who is an extremely conscientious student, won a $10,000 scholarship; his parents are incredibly proud. A. NO CHANGE B. student- won C. student won D. student: won Julie was thoroughly confused: she couldn’t figure out where she put her car keys. A. NO CHANGE B. confused, she C. confused she, D. confused she Paul was overcome with joy when he saw actor, Keanu Reeves, in the parking lot of a McDonald’s restaurant. A. NO CHANGE B. actor, Keanu Reeves C. actor: Keanu Reeves D. actor Keanu Reeves I hurried home from school to find Max, my dog that I’ve had for five years chewing on my favorite pair of shoes. A. NO CHANGE B. had, for five years chewing C. had for five years, chewing D. had, for five, years chewing Answers: 1. C, 2. B, 3. A, 4. D, 5. C What's Next? If you thought punctuation wasn't tested on the SAT because you're only familiar with the old SAT, read this article to find out how the SAT Writing section has changed. Also, make sure you know and understand the most important grammar rules for SAT Writing (coming soon). Finally, as you're preparing for the SAT, learn the pros and cons of different prep methods. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? Check out our best-in-class online SAT prep classes. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your SAT score by 160 points or more. Our classes are entirely online, and they're taught by SAT experts. If you liked this article, you'll love our classes. Along with expert-led classes, you'll get personalized homework with thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step, custom program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Try it risk-free today:

Defining Racial Profiling and Utilitarian Argument Essay

Defining Racial Profiling and Utilitarian Argument - Essay Example The article will also deals with delineating the incongruence in the arguments in favor of racial profiling and reinforce the arguments against racial profiling. Finally, it will be argued that a number of utilitarian objections that have been leveled against racial profiling are impenetrable by those that support racial profiling that. Definition of Racial Profiling In order to maintain the logical soundness and defensibility of any argument, one must clearly define racial profiling the before marching into any discussion about the moral problem it poses. The term â€Å"racial profiling† was coined to criticize certain abusive investigation methods of the police force and, as a result, has widely been associated with being unjust and the unjustifiable (Gross & Livingston, 2002). In this essay, however, the term will be used without any bias and the implication of illegitimacy. When racial profiling will be referred in the article, it would be on the basis of Risse and Zechhau ser’s (2004) broad definition that will be introduced later in the article. Ramirez (2000) defines racial profiling as â€Å"any police-initiated action that relies on the race, ethnicity, or national origin, rather than the behavior of an individual or information that leads the police to a particular individual who has been identified as being, or having been, engaged in criminal activity.† Here, the definition puts together race, ethnicity, and nationality along with the use of an individual’s behavior or information. By doing so, Ramirez describes profiling in a way seeks moral disapproval against the complete reliance on race and ethnicity in police investigation. It is clear that according to this definition, the unjustified racial profiling is when the race and ethnicity are the sole motivation for a police action (Risse & Zeckhauser, 2004). Despite its general soundness at a first glance, the definition fails to consider the cases that involve a combinat ion of race and information (Risse & Zeckhauser, 2004). Hypothetically, if the police stopped disproportionately more blacks than whites for petty violations of the law, such as driving with a broken tail light or exceeding a speed limit by 10mph, it should be considered racial profiling. However, Ramirez’s definition cannot be used to establish whether this case is racial profiling or not because in this example, both race and information are used in the police action (Risse & Zeckhauser, 2004). On the other hand, Risse and Zeckhauser (2004) define racial profiling in a more comprehensive manner by suggesting that racial profiling is â€Å"any police-initiated action that relies on the race, ethnicity, or national origin and not merely on the behavior of an individual.† Through this definition, it can be deduced that racial profiling is when police action relies on a combination of information and race to punish those involved in committing crime. Tests for Justified Racial Profiling Even though, Risse and Zechhauser’s definition of racial profiling is comprehensive and helpful in understanding the kind of police action that

W3 Asign2 Strategy Map & Balanced Score Card Essay

W3 Asign2 Strategy Map & Balanced Score Card - Essay Example (Cokins, G., 2013) Using these two tools, this paper will attempt to identify the KPIs for Rotor-Rooter, a plumbing company that is based and provides services primarily in the United States. It was difficult to identify the KPIs for Roto-Rooter because aside from company-owned operations in the United States they also have independent contractors and independent franchises locally and internationally. (Roto-Rooter, 2014) Since the writer is of the belief that the independent contractors and franchises should probably have their own KPIs, this paper will focus on the performance of the company-owned branches. As mentioned earlier, this tool presents the objectives and KPIs needed to meet those company goals. For this company, the key indicators of performance start with, under Learning Growth, enhance technical skills for all Level 1 employees and improve managerial & administrative skills for Level 2 employees. I think these are important because Rotor-Rooter’s business requires its employees at these levels to practice technical skills to complete their work and organizational skills and management skills to coordinate with their many branches, franchises and contractors, respectively. For the Learning Process stage, the KPIs are to implement training programs for current and new employees and to implement management training programs to meet the objectives at the first level of the map. For the Customer Level, the KPIs are to attain customer retention at 100%, to continue providing quality service, and to provide after sales service. Finally at the Financial Stage, the KPIs are to increase revenue and to increase productivity. A balanced scorecard contains individual KPIs with a predefined target measure, and KPIs that are project-based and process-based. (Cokins, G., 2012) For Roto-Rooter, the balanced scorecard will show, as KPIs for the managers and employees, target outputs with

Importance Of Sustainable Construction Engineering Essay

Importance Of Sustainable Construction Engineering Essay Definition for sustainable construction stated by Kibert: the creation and responsible management of a healthy built environment based on resource efficient and ecological principles as a starting point. These days when construction industry is one of the major contributors to the damage of the environment is an emergence to act. The scale of energy efficient refurbishment is one of the most vital basics that need to be measure to contribute with the reduction of energy consumption in the building sector. In addition, the implementation of new building refurbishment techniques provides an excellent way to decrease energy utilization. At the same time, it involves technical, economic and social problem. According to Sunnika the real potential for sustainable building and CO2 carbon reduction lies in a management of the existing stock of residential building. The construction industry plays a very important role in the human existence, which is important to quality of life in terms of housing, workspace, utilities and transport infrastructure; therefore, it has a high economic significance and has serious environmental and social consequences (Burgan and Sansom, 2006). When people spent most of the time of the life in buildings the good practice of the new technologies will provide an affordable housing, which will be reflective in their activities and satisfaction in their lives. The regulations of sustainable development should focus on the building sector more specifically in the life cycle of the building stated by Sobotka and Wyatt (1998). The inefficiency of buildings during the life cycle, it is a barrier to the appropriate sustainable development due to the changes that has to suffer the building when it is the time to upgrade the housing stock of new technologies. In many places in the world there are large amount of structures that posses and incredibly long lasting condition including bridges, buildings, cathedrals and so on. A standard life time of 80 to approximately 100 years in most of these structures will mean that new designs are going to have high impact on a construction ´s environmental performance. Therefore, when considering a new design, it is imperative to include sustainability principles from the beginning of the project which allows the achievement of low environmental-impact. . [17] At this point is when is possible to analyze the importance that the flexibility of the design has over the environment. Sustainable construction must rely on three basic principles: Resource management life-cycle design Design for human Design for the environment. (Sev, 2009). 2.4.1 RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Around 50% of all global resources are consumed by the construction industry (Edwards and Hyett, 2001). All building activities involve the use, redistribution and concentration of some components of the earths resources, such as water, energy and materials. During these activities effects occur, changing the ecology of that part of the biosphere (Hudson, 2005). The accurate use of those resources are really important at the moment of the construction, the scheme shows some important points that need to be assessed at the moment to achieve a sustainable construction. Efficient use of energy Efficient use of water Efficient use of materials Efficient use of land 2.4.2. LIFE CYCLE DESIGN 2.4.3. DESIGN FOR HUMAN According with these principles, it has to be taking into the account for the future of the new designs, the integration of the principles in order to accomplish the performance of the building. Additional, flexibility in the design is a great contributor to the environment when its time of change the functions into the building, this characteristic is really useful. Sustainable design and construction aims to create a healthy built environment, preventing environment degradation and providing human health and good conditions of living. However, long-established designs and current constructions procedures are giving more importance to monetary and quality issues when sustainable construction is one of the most relevant issues in terms of sustainability, especially when is one of the areas that needs to be assessed, nowadays when the environment is tackling against. There are six ideologies for the sustainable construction stated by Kibert [16]: Minimisation of resource consumption; Maximisation of resource reprocess; Make use of renewable and biodegradable resources; Look after the natural environment; build a healthy and non-toxic environment; and Pursue eminence in creating the built environment. By following the six ideologies stated by kilbert, that are an example of the possible issues that need to be to covered and attended, especially when the climate change is the one of the main problems. And the construction industry is one of the most important areas that necessitate to be assessed due to the effect that this market has against the environment. In addition, the awareness of all the people that is involve in the construction industry and the people that is not involve how are the consumers it is in actual fact important. In other words both the existing built environment and the process of adding to it have numerous environmental, social and economical impacts. Construction is directly and indirectly conscientious for the emission of greenhouse gases, outstanding to energy used for raw material removal, transporting, constructing, operating, maintaining, demolition etc. (Sorrell, 2003; Rwelamila et al., 2000). All the communities are involved in different ways and thr ough the global regimentations that allow communities to adopt new programs and new technologies with accessible prices and understand of the use of them. BARRIERS IN THE SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION. There is a currently some aspects that constrain to achieve the targets that the government has for the reduction of the greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. In the white paper it was accepted the dependency of this factors: increasing energy supply from renewable resources, the emergence of new technologies such as fuel cells, improving conventional generation e.g. retrofitting clean coal technologies; and increasing energy efficiency. Another barrier to the implementation of energy saving measures and the use of energy efficient technologies has been the past cost of both electricity and gas in the UK. (Kelly, 2005).XXXXX There has been a lot of attention to energy use in new buildings through regulation and exemplars.   But improving new buildings only addresses part of the problem around 60% of the building stock in 2050 has already been built.   And nearly half of these buildings were built before 1985 when the energy efficiency requirements of Part L were introduced. It can be expensive and inconvenient to modify a building while it is being used.   But buildings experience a number of refurbishments throughout their life: from refreshing the brand to a change of use.   We have been learning how to make the most of these opportunities to cut carbon. We have published a range of case studies and a management guide to share our experience in low-carbon refurbishments.   We also offer a building is design advice service to help cut carbon in new-build and refurbishments. (www.carbontrust.gov.uk). BEHAVIOUR BARRIER Social barriers are related to behavioural barriers, for the reason that, it involves thoughts and values, as a consequence the behave of the individuals is an obstacles to accomplishment the targets. An evidence is that this type of barriers are absence of information or perceptive of the concerns. At the individual level, values, beliefs and social context are also critical antecedents or determinants of behaviour and thus may either facilitate or inhibit climate change responses(Burch, 2009). This is one of the most difficult barriers to diminish due to attitude of people, government have been working hard in policies and legislations as one of the most effective way the change the mind of the society. Nevertheless this is hard work and it needs time to persuade people with dynamic way to teach. Human behaviour is a barrier in terms of renewable technologies and the possible improvements in the carbon pricing, when the Government have a role in providing a policy framework to guide effective adaptation by individuals and companies in the medium and longer term. To educate individuals and change their behaviour is a difficult constrains to beat. However, a new policy that motivates people to contribute and make them conscious about the payment of the humanity has with the environment will help to minimize the environmental problem. KNOWLEDGE BARRIER The lack of knowledge of the parties is one of the main barriers that sustainable development was confronting, before people were conscious about the environmental problem, individuals start investigating on this area, however, there is a lot to know about this topic specially for the those that are involve in all the areas that implicate sustainable development such a construction industry. TECHNICAL BARRIER The performance of the new technology is a risk in most of the cases due to limitation in the structure of the building during the installation of the new technology. It became a barrier in existing buildings when it cannot be achieved the integration between the structure of the building and the renewable technologies as it is new element in the structure of the construction. They are reluctant to adopt policies which require excessive design changes (William, K. and Adair, C., 2009). The interventions of new technologies can show some problems at the moment of the installation of new technologies, this is one constrain that can be show in the currently improvements that have been assessed in the housing stock. It is possible to find ways to enhance the performance in the installation of the ways in the future. However, this barrier make designers think for future constructions and take into the account from the first phase of the design. This is designed for a development to be technically sustainable the technologies, materials or design features used need to perform effectively and contribute to sustainable in their right as Stated by Williams and Dair. The design of buildings is one of the most common barriers when is time to install new technologies such a ground source heat pump or P.V. Such as installation can be affected due to the conditions in the structure of the building, the stakeholders have to make several changes in the design and it will increment the cost. These drawbacks could be avoided, thus designers, architects and developers are found on its design of the structure of new buildings. Buildings generally experience a variety of changes and adaptations during their life-cycle, and this process is dramatically important and depending upon the manner in which they are operated and managed, can have varying levels of environmental impact. This is related with the inertia of the built environment where the physic structure of the building does not change quickly. Conversely all of these basics do alter over time and are replaced, repaired, refurbished or renewed. Sustainability is not about the general or fundamental immediate disorder of the built environment, which knowledge has proven to be costly in both social and financial terms. Nevertheless sustainable development is disturbed with all the changes that a building can suffer during their life cycle. (Wilkinson, 2007). DESIGN BARRIER the initial phase of the building is fundamental and critical for the future sustainable development, to prevent the currently the problems and the difficulty to find a immediate solutions, the labour for the architects, developers and engineers have to be more solid form the first stage of the design, when in the stock is visible, one of the biggest problems at the moment is the improvements that have to done in the for nowadays when sustainable construction became important and is one of the most relevant topics when it is possible to analyse all the factors in the appropriate development. The stock in united kingdom is a big issue to resolve due to the different stage of design that is possible to view as it was mentioned it can be solve trough the strong policies in the marketing and at the same time,

Global Marketing :: essays research papers

New and improved products are developed almost daily, they are launched in the marketplace in hopes that the product will be accepted and purchased, the fate of any product is determined by consumers through their acceptance and purchase or rejection of the product. New product introductions are becoming more and more expensive and the product success rate is less than in previous years. The number of promotion methods to choose from can be overwhelming, and finding the best method which will allow the Palm Mercury to flourish in the market is a very challenging step to overcome. PalmOne has developed a new product and we want to tell a large number of people about it very quickly. Mass selling is our intention. Several of the approaches that will allow PalmOne to determine the potential success of the Mercury is to initiate a small, cost effective mass selling campaign that can easily grow to a much larger campaign in the coming months. We can put together a short campaign very cost effectively to quickly establish if this kind of promotion will work. One of the most effective approaches to reach people on the go is to advertise the product on the radio. Radio reaches tens of thousands of people each day while driving in their car, or listening at the beaches and the intended advertisements will reach our target listeners with our message. We will plan an advertisement campaign over a single week or multiple weeks in order maximize the impact. Advertisements will be run several ways through the radio stations. Radio stations love prizes and free products. PalmOne can provide a small number of the Palm Mercury’s for give-a-aways and contests. Contests have a high audience participation and retention rate giving PalmOne some much desired publicity. Picking the correct prize, the correct approach and the correct target audience will allow the Palm Mercury to receive desirable exposure for a minimal cost.

Obesity And Urban Food

Individual characteristics and IBM data were adjusted to two – kilometer Addis food retail stores, with each supermarket reducing obesity odds, and convenience stores predicting higher obesity Odds for each respondent. Obesity rates in New Orleans are among the highest in the country and virtually no research has been conducted to study the associations between obesity and neighboring food retailers in the urban environment. This article appealed to me because a well balanced diet via healthier food retail access is pivotal to promote health in vulnerable groups within communities limited to unhealthy food options.Previous studies on Northeastern communities, mound mostly positive correlations between the presence of convenient stores and increased rates of obesity. Apropos, a correlation was found between supermarket access and reduced obesity rates. Other research has found neither correlation between these variables. Limited, frequent non- consistent research findings, have examined the relationship between food access and body weight in disproportionate fashion amongst the United States. In comparison, fewer studies were conducted in the urban South, which tend to have some the highest obesity rates in the country.New Orleans has high obesity prevalence, which is why some of its Leslie Mar, SCAN 195. 7731, 01. 1415 communities were a choice of study. Other conditions, such as the lack of a household car, make the city an appropriate setting for this study. This study hypothesizes, â€Å"†¦ That greater supermarket access would be associated with a lower odds for obesity while greater convenience store and fast food access would be associated with higher obesity odds Since supermarkets offer a wider selection of affordable healthy food, and fast food establishments offer inexpensive energy-dense foods, these associations were predicted accordingly.METHODS Participants A 2004-2005 survey from the New Orleans Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance Syst em (BARFS), was the local version of the national telephone survey coordinated by the IIS Centers Of Disease Control and Prevention. Participants were enrolled via a random digital dial method: a single random individual aged 18 or older. The final analytic sample, after various exclusions, consisted of 3,925 subjects with reported IBM information, physical activity levels, household income information, collected demographic data, and 167 census tracts in New Orleans.The majority of participants were female (66%), 35. 5% White (n=l ,394), 58% African American 3. % Latino (n=11 6), and 3. 6% Other (n=141). 40% (n=l ,585) of respondents lived at or below the poverty line. 16% (n=628) were ages 18-30 years, and 47. 4% were above 50 years. A majority of 38% attained college graduate or higher education. Measures Food stores and fast food restaurant sites open between 2004-2005 were provided by the Louisiana Office of Public Health food retailer database.They were categorized as either f ull time or part time based on percentage on food item sales (60% cutoff) and total annual sales. They fall into five categories: small food Stores, medium food Stores, supermarkets, convenience stores, ND general merchandise stores. Fast food restaurants were categorized as regional, national, or local chain. A 2 – km buffer around a center point of each respondent census tract, measured using Arctic 9. 2 (SERIES, Redheads, CA), was used to define their neighborhood food environment, because multiple forms of transport are commonplace in New Orleans.Food store/ fast food geographic access was formed by summing the number of each food retailers in each category within the 2-km radius. For IBM measurements, individuals reported their heights and weights with 30 keg/mm as the cutoff between obese and non obese. There were independent variables to account for the results: race/ethnicity, a Poverty index ratio was calculated based on a comparison between household income with the Census Bureau's poverty threshold for a household size. They were divided into three categories of less than 1. 00 (below poverty line), 1. 0-185, and greater than 1. 85. 15. 4% of respondents refused to provide this information, so their poverty index was adjusted using a â€Å"hot deck' imputation technique based on race/ethnicity and education level (less than high school, high school graduate, some college, college graduate). Moderate and vigorous activities were used as the physical activity indicators, and Leslie Mar, SCAN 195. 7731, 01. 14. 15 television viewing (2 hours or more classified as high) was calculated as well. For multivariate analyses, Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HELM), with the extolling procedure in Stats/SE 9. (Staccatos, College Station, TX) was used to simultaneously assess the influence of group-level and individual-level predictors on dependent variables. A series of models to produce a regression equation for each food retailer type access measure was created. RESULTS Within the 2-km of respondents' census tract centers, there was an average of . 49 supermarkets. There were no supermarkets among 26% of the respondents within this buffer, and households had more food retail and convenience stores than supermarkets; with fast food restaurants at a higher average than supermarkets.Of the sample, the overall prevalence of obesity was 26. 5% with highest ranking at 35. 1% (African Americans), females at 29. 2%, older respondents at 29. 9%, and individuals with poorer household incomes and less education. With a high average of small food stores (25. 18%), convenience stores (1 1 . 28%), and fast food restaurants (9. 7%), there as a relationship between obesity odds and food retailer count. There was no significant association between small, medium, and general merchandise store access.

How to Read a Geologic Map